The most essential issue faced by business organization in the
21st century is Managerial Ethics of Autocratic leadership style conducted by
managerial level in particular business environment. Autocratic leadership is
negative in principle of Islam, based on the threats and punishment practice by
a leader who authoritatively led a business organization. The subordinates act
as the direct of authority leader. Autocratic Leadership is tremendous form of
transactional leadership where a leader applies high levels of power over the subordinates.
The subordinates are given only few opportunities in aspects of making
suggestions, even if these would be in the team’s or organization’s concern
which decline in one of principle of Islam which is Al-Hurriyah, where
individual have its rights, opportunities and choices in religion, think, speak,
education and others within the limits of law.
The
autocratic leadership style practices jeopardize the general order of society
within business organization. The unsentimental autocrat who relies principally
on negative influences uses the force of fear and punishment in directing his
subordinates. An autocratic leader centralizes power and decision-making
through giving orders and assigns duties without consulting the employees. The
leader takes full authority and assumes full responsibility which absolutely
decline from the principle of Islam as the leader fail in following the
appropriate guidelines in leading an organization by conducting an employment that
is not Islamically permissible way of making a productive living on the
subordinates. Autocratic leadership style tends to be worst when a business
organization implements a high degree level of delegation which too much authority
that result in possibilities of strikes and industrial disputes. It is liable lead
to a great frustration and retard the growth capacity of employees. Most
individuals tend to feel bitter being treated with terrible leadership style as
autocratic. As result, it will definitely leads to high levels of absenteeism
and staff turnover which lessen productivity of business organization in
current competitive industry.
SOLUTION IN
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE
The leader
of a business organization is the manager. Regarding the above issue, manager
within an organization has definite authorities and responsibilities to get particular
tasks and duties done through the internal sources of business organization who
are the subordinates, within the limit of law. Quran explain this standing as,
“We raise some of them above others in ranks, so that some may command work
from others”. [Surat Al-Zakahraf, verse 32]. Therefore, from principle of Islam
in management and administration approach, a leader need be a positive role
model for his follower since the strength of a leader is his characteristics
and the source of inspiration for others within the business organization. This
verse also highlights on the formation of appropriate hierarchies within the
business organization as well as the division of responsibilities according to an
individual capabilities (Abbas et al., 2012).
Abbas et al., (2012) have assured that Islam has agreed on three dimensional ethical systems, based on the Quranic verse, “You are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what is right, Forbidding what is wrong, And believing in Allah”. [Surat Al Imran, verse 110]. Additionally, the above verse include three basic dimensions for Muslims as the Right (Khair), the Wrong (Shar) and the Faith (Tawheed). The Right (Khair) explains that the top managerial position should carry out the right things that positively effect both business organization and the society where the advantage of business organization or one party should not be at the expenditure of other party. The Qur'an says, "As to those who believe and work righteousness, verily We shall not suffer to perish the reward of any who do a (single) righteous deed". [Surat Al-Kahaf, verse 30]. The Wrong (Shar) point out the top managerial position should not only avoid the unethical practices itself but also prohibit its subordinates and encourage by conducting training and development program to guide them in performing duties within the framework of ethics prescribed in Islam. Moreover, there is a necessitate of Faith (Tawheed) or a strong believe in Allah that Allah is observing all of the actions and will reward or punish them on right or wrong deeds in the world hereafter.
REFERENCES
REFERENCES
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